Ito Naoki    Department   Undergraduate School  , School of Arts and Letters    Position   Professor
Language	Japanese
Publication Date	2016/11
Type	Academic Journal
Peer Review	Peer reviewed
Title	Comparative study on the historical development of college counseling in Japan and Unitesd States.
Contribution Type	Sole-authored
Journal	The Japanese Journal of Student Counseling
Journal Type	Japan
Publisher	Japanese Association of Student Counseling
Volume, Issue, Page	pp.130-141
Details	The historical development of college counseling in Japan and the United States is compared in this article. A literature research indicated several commonalities between the two countries. i) Both have attempted to get college counseling accepted in universities and colleges as an educational activity. ii) This attempt has been influenced by historical and social factors. iii) Currently, college counseling centers in both countries have many student clients with a wide range of complex psychological problems and the centers also share responsibility for answering with demands for providing cost effective and accountable services. Differences were also identified between the two countries. i) College counseling in the United States has more support at the national level, and can obtain organizational support for reconciling conflicts between students and university administrators than in Japan. ii) In Japan, there is a division of roles between student personnel offices and counseling centers, and there is also a tendency to use group counseling for reconciling conflicts. Finally, certain future issues and suggestions for Japanese college counseling are proposed.