Toyokawa Koichi    Department   Undergraduate School  , School of Arts and Letters    Position   Professor
Language	Japanese
Publication Date	2001/03
Type	Bulletin of Universities and Institutes
Title	The Formation and Problems of Cossack Societies in Modern Russia
Contribution Type	Sole-authored
Journal	Meijidaigaku jinbunkagakukenkenkyujo Kiyo
Volume, Issue, Page	pp.296-316
Details	When the term "Cossack" appeared in the historical documents for the first time in 1395, it was used mainly to mean "laborer" or "farm hand". The term also had the connotations of "freedom", "independence", "boldness", "adventurer", "deserter", and "free warrior". Then the Tatars used "Cossacks" as a name for soldiers stationed at the advanced bases or outposts. Historical documents written in the fourteenth to seventeenth centuries call the military service men or soldiers (sluzhilye liudi) as well as free employed laborers "Cossacks" (M.Fasmer). In this paper we will examine the Cossacks as the service men or "sluzhilye liudi".